What is a Heart Attack?

Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)

A heart attack, also known medically as a "myocardial infarction," is a condition in which tissue damage occurs when blood flow to an area of the heart is suddenly interrupted. This typically occurs due to a blockage or narrowing of the coronary arteries. A heart attack is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention and can be fatal if not treated promptly.

Symptoms

Heart attack symptoms can vary from person to person, but the most common symptoms include severe chest pain or a feeling of pressure, shortness of breath, sweating, nausea or vomiting, weakness, and palpitations. Some people may have mild or no symptoms at all, so anyone with heart attack risk factors should be aware of these symptoms and take them seriously.

Reasons

The most common cause of a heart attack is the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, a process called atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque on artery walls. Other risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, excessive alcohol consumption, and a family history of heart attack.

Treatment and Precautions

Treating a heart attack requires immediate medical attention. Emergency medical services should be sought, and if possible, an ambulance should be called immediately. Treatment may include procedures such as thrombolytic drugs or angioplasty to open blood vessels and restore blood flow. Additionally, a long-term treatment plan typically includes blood clot-busting medications, blood pressure control, cholesterol-lowering medications, and lifestyle changes.

Important Notes and Warnings

A heart attack is a serious medical emergency and affects many people's lives every year. However, many heart attacks are preventable. You can protect your heart health by adopting a healthy lifestyle, exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet, not smoking, and getting regular checkups.