Karotis Arter Tıkanıklığı Nedir?

Carotid artery occlusion is a condition where plaque buildup or blockage occurs in the carotid arteries located in the neck. This can cause the main blood vessels carrying blood to the brain to become blocked or narrowed, leading to reduced or blocked blood flow. Carotid arteries are important blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the brain, so blockages can lead to serious complications.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Symptoms of carotid artery occlusion generally depend on the degree and location of the blockage. Common symptoms include sudden vision loss, difficulty speaking, weakness or numbness on one side of the face or body, dizziness, and sudden, severe headache. Diagnosis is usually made with imaging tests such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), or computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Causes and Risk Factors

Carotid artery blockage usually develops as a result of a process called atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by plaque buildup on artery walls, narrowing the arteries. These plaques are formed by the accumulation of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances. Factors such as hypertension, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, diabetes, a sedentary lifestyle, and family history can increase the risk of carotid artery blockage.

Treatment and Precautions

Treatment for carotid artery occlusion varies depending on the severity of the occlusion, the patient's overall health, and symptoms. Mild occlusions may require interventions such as lifestyle changes, blood-thinning medications, and blood pressure control. However, severe occlusions may require surgery. Surgical options include procedures such as carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting.

Important Notes and Warnings

Carotid artery occlusion is a serious condition and, if not treated promptly, can lead to serious complications such as stroke. People with symptoms or risk factors should have regular checkups with a doctor and take the necessary precautions. You can reduce your risk of carotid artery occlusion by adopting a healthy lifestyle, exercising regularly, eating a healthy diet, and not smoking.